Desain Sistem Kontrol Tekanan Dinamis pada Pipa Distribusi Berbasis Mikrokontroler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46962/snte.25.065Keywords:
PID control, Arduino Uno , Pressure sensorAbstract
Abstrak—Pengendalian tekanan pada sistem perpipaan fluida merupakan aspek krusial dalam menjamin keselamatan dan efisiensi operasi, terutama pada infrastruktur pipa minyak yang telah berumur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji sistem kontrol tekanan berbasis Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) yang terintegrasi dengan pressure sensor dan servo valve. Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dan diuji dalam kondisi simulasi mendekati operasi nyata. Proses tuning parameter PID dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan metode trial and error untuk mendapatkan performa kendali yang optimal. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi parameter PID terbaik adalah Kp = 1, Ki = 0,045, dan Kd = 0,021. Sistem ini mampu mereduksi overshoot dari 13,6% menjadi 2,4%, serta menurunkan nilai error steady-state hingga 1,7%. Selain itu, waktu tunda dan waktu naik yang diperoleh masing-masing sebesar 10,2 detik dan 19,3 detik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menjaga kestabilan tekanan dengan respons yang cepat dan akurat, serta berpotensi diterapkan sebagai solusi efisien untuk sistem perpipaan minyak yang membutuhkan peningkatan keandalan dan keselamatan operasional.
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